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The ''U-27'' class was a class of eight submarines or U-boats built for and operated by the Austro-Hungarian Navy ((ドイツ語:Kaiserliche und Königliche Kriegsmarine ''or'' K.u.K. Kriegsmarine)) during World War I. The class was based upon the German Type UB II design of the German Imperial Navy and was constructed under license in Austria-Hungary. After the Austro-Hungarian Navy had filled its most urgent needs for submarines after the outbreak of World War I, they selected the German Type UB II design for its next group of submarines in mid 1915. Orders for the first six boats were placed in October 1915 with the Austrian firm of Cantiere Navale Triestino and the Hungarian firm of Ganz Danubius. Two more boats were ordered in 1916, bringing the class total to eight. The boats were just over long and were armed with two bow torpedo tubes, a deck gun, and a machine gun. For propulsion they were equipped with twin diesel engines for surface running and twin electric motors for subsurface movement. Although the class was based on the German design, the Austro-Hungarian U-boats were heavier and slightly faster underwater, but less heavily armed than their German counterparts All eight boats were commissioned into the Austro-Hungarian Navy between 1917 and 1918 and saw active service during the war. and were the most successful in terms of ships sunk and gross register tonnage sunk, respectively. Two boats sank only one ship each, and a third, , sank no ships. ''U-30'' was also the only boat of the class to be lost during the war. The remaining seven were ceded to France and Italy as war reparations and six were scrapped by 1920; the seventh sank while being towed to Bizerta for scrapping. == Background == Austria-Hungary's U-boat fleet was largely obsolete at the outbreak of World War I.〔Gardiner, p. 341.〕 The Austro-Hungarian Navy satisfied its most urgent needs by purchasing five Type UB I submarines that comprised the from Germany,〔Gardiner, p. 343.〕 by raising and recommissioning the sunken French submarine ''Curie'' as ,〔〔''Curie'' had been caught in an anti-submarine net while trying to enter the harbor at Pola on 20 December 1914. See: Gardiner, p. 343.〕 and by building four submarines of the that were based on the 1911 Danish ''Havmanden'' class.〔〔The plans for the Danish ''Havmanden'' class submarines, three of which were built in Austria-Hungary, were seized from Whitehead & Co. in Fiume. See: Gardiner, pp. 344, 354.〕 After these steps alleviated their most urgent needs,〔 the Austro-Hungarian Navy selected the German Type UB II design for its newest submarines in mid 1915.〔Halpern, p. 383.〕 The Germans were reluctant to allocate any of their wartime resources to Austro-Hungarian construction, but were willing to sell plans for up to six of the UB II boats to be constructed under license in Austria-Hungary.〔 The Navy agreed to the proposal and purchased the plans from AG Weser of Bremen.〔Baumgartner and Sieche, as excerpted (here ) (reprinted and translated into English by Sieche). Retrieved 1 December 2008.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「U-27-class submarine (Austria-Hungary)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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